You can't understand Europe without the Ottomans,
and you can't understand the Ottomans without Europe.
We are talking about two entities which created each other. 1
The tree symbolizes being still and laying down roots.
From now on, particularly in Anatolia, they wanted to settle, take root, and rest.
And the trees' branches spreading over the world represents an imperialist ideology.
So, Osman's Dream has two ideas, the settlement of the Turks and world domination.
Mehmet II's extremely powerful army completely surrounded the city walls.
The positioning of the cannon was very important.
They would fire them in a triangular or rectangular pattern,
By firing at one corner, then the other corner, then at the third corner . . .
. . . they would weaken a section of the wall.
The they would fire their largest cannon straight down the middle . . .
. . . forcing the weakened wall to collapse.
The cannon bombarded the walls both day and night.
Most of the cannon fired balls like this one, but the biggest cannon fired balls weighing 600 kg (1,300 pounds).
That's about three times as big.
These cannon balls obliterated the city walls, creating chaos.
On the evening of May 28th, all the preparations were completed.
Mehmet II informed his commanders that the next day would be the final attack.
Mehmet II divided his army into three units.
Straight after the first wave, the second approached.
The walls' defensive chain was being weakened.
Janissary soldiers made the final attack. This is when intense skirmishing began.
In the old days, traders would sell Ottoman goods . . .
. . . carpets, kilims, diamonds, crystal, jewelry, and glassware.
According to our traditions, gold is very important.
Without jewelry, people wouldn't feel safe, and wouldn't get married.
It's important because people want gold for a sense of security.
Our ancestors left us a beautiful legacy.
This place has a mystical atmosphere that everyone loves.
It's a great feeling. Once you've had a taste of it, you can't go anywhere else. You're here for life.
Sultan Mahmet tried to incorporate all the old cultures into his Empire.
He took old Turkish, Iranian, Arabian, Greek, and Roman history into his constitution.
This book shows how the Jews from Spain and Portugal settled in the Ottoman Empire.
These records are for the city of Edirne.
These records show quarter by quarter where they settled in the city.
The names of the families are here along with details such as the number of people in the family,
and their incomes -- this was really done for tax collection purposes,
but today it serves as a very valuable archive.
It's very moving that they kept such detailed records
It really is like taking a journey through an enlightened time in history
Maybe my ancestors' names are here because our roots are in Edirne
and this document is from Edirne.
Of course, this is written in old Turkish
Names that were foreign and Jewish would have been hard to decipher or copy.
For instance, here I can see the name Haim,
and here is Solomon . . . Suleyman - it says Suleyman - but it should say Solomon.
and I see the name Samuel.
All these are Jewish names taken from the Torah. They have been passed down from family to family
and nationalized and localized to suit the atmosphere of their new homeland.